Macrophages are innate immune cells that display remarkable phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity. Due to their involvement in the pathogenesis of several human conditions, macrophages are considered to be an attractive therapeutic target. In line with this, platelet derivatives have been successfully applied in many medical fields and as active participants in innate immunity, cooperation between platelets and macrophages is essential. In this context, the aim of this review is to compile the current evidence regarding the effects of platelet derivatives on the phenotype and functions of macrophages to identify the advantages and shortcomings for feasible future clinical applications.

There is a lack of consensus on managing resultant bone and soft tissue defects or on restoring oral function and aesthetics following medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) lesion healing. This clinical challenge presents a dilemma for practitioners. Removable prostheses pose a recurrence risk if poorly fitted and may inadequately restore function or aesthetics in cases of significant bone defect. Dental implant-supported prostheses could enhance function and quality of life, though their risks and indications are not well-defined. This systematic review examines the clinical outcomes and complications associated with implant-supported rehabilitations post-MRONJ surgery. This study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement recommendations and it was pre-registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42023492539).

Dent J (Basel). 2024 Apr 24;12(5):122. The osteogenic differentiation process, by which bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteoprogenitors transform into osteoblasts, is regulated by several growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) is a blood-derived preparation consisting of a plethora of bioactive molecules, also susceptible to containing epigenetic factors such as ncRNAs and EVs, that stimulates tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the PRGF clot formulation on osteogenic differentiation. Firstly, osteoblast cells were isolated and characterised. The proliferation of bone cells cultured onto PRGF clots or treated with PRGF supernatant was determined.

Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 May:174:116599. The aim of this study was to produce and characterize triple-layered cell sheet constructs with varying cell compositions combined or not with the fibrin membrane scaffold obtained by the technology of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (mPRGF).

J Mater Chem B. 2024 Mar 13;12(11):2831-2842. This study delves into the osteogenic potential of a calcium-ion modified titanium implant surface, unicCa, employing state-of-the-art proteomics techniques both in vitro (utilizing osteoblasts and macrophage cell cultures) and in vivo (in a rabbit condyle model). When human osteoblasts (Hobs) were cultured on unicCa surfaces, they displayed a marked improvement in cell adhesion and differentiation compared to their unmodified counterparts. The proteomic analysis also revealed enrichment in functions associated with cell migration, adhesion, extracellular matrix organization, and proliferation.