
{"id":32445,"date":"2024-04-24T13:26:27","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T12:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/?p=32445"},"modified":"2025-01-21T12:29:00","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T11:29:00","slug":"plasma-rich-in-growth-factors-in-bone-regeneration-the-proximity-to-the-clot-as-a-differential-factor-in-osteoblast-cell-behaviour","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/plasma-rich-in-growth-factors-in-bone-regeneration-the-proximity-to-the-clot-as-a-differential-factor-in-osteoblast-cell-behaviour\/","title":{"rendered":"Plasma Rich in Growth Factors in Bone Regeneration: The Proximity to the Clot as a Differential Factor in Osteoblast Cell Behaviour"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row content_text_aligment=&#8221;left&#8221; row_background_lines=&#8221;no&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"title\">Abstract<\/h3>\n<div id=\"eng-abstract\" class=\"abstract-content selected\">\n<div id=\"eng-abstract\" class=\"abstract-content selected\">\n<div id=\"eng-abstract\" class=\"abstract-content selected\">\n<p>The osteogenic differentiation process, by which bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteoprogenitors transform into osteoblasts, is regulated by several growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) is a blood-derived preparation consisting of a plethora of bioactive molecules, also susceptible to containing epigenetic factors such as ncRNAs and EVs, that stimulates tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the PRGF clot formulation on osteogenic differentiation. Firstly, osteoblast cells were isolated and characterised. The proliferation of bone cells cultured onto PRGF clots or treated with PRGF supernatant was determined. Moreover, the gene expression of\u00a0<i>Runx2<\/i>\u00a0(ID: 860),\u00a0<i>SP7<\/i>\u00a0(ID: 121340), and\u00a0<i>ALPL<\/i>\u00a0(ID: 249) was analysed by one-step real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Additionally, alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) activity determination was performed. The highest proliferative effect was achieved by the PRGF supernatant in all the study periods analysed. Concerning gene expression, the logRGE of\u00a0<i>Runx2<\/i>\u00a0increased significantly in osteoblasts cultured with PRGF formulations compared with the control group, while that of\u00a0<i>SP7<\/i>\u00a0increased significantly in osteoblasts grown on the PRGF clots. On the other hand, despite the fact that the PRGF supernatant induced\u00a0<i>ALPL<\/i>\u00a0up-regulation, significantly higher enzyme activity was detected for the PRGF clots in comparison with the supernatant formulation. According to our results, contact with the PRGF clot could promote a more advanced phase in the osteogenic process, associated to higher levels of ALPL activity. Furthermore, the PRGF clot releasate stimulated a higher proliferation rate in addition to reduced\u00a0<i>SP7<\/i>\u00a0expression in the cells located at a distant ubication, leading to a less mature osteoblast stage. Thus, the spatial relationship between the PRGF clot and the osteoprogenitors cells could be a factor that influences regenerative outcomes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3>Figures<\/h3>\n<div id=\"eng-abstract\" class=\"abstract-content selected\">\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row content_placement=&#8221;middle&#8221; content_text_aligment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"qodef-image-gallery qodef-grid-list qodef-disable-bottom-space  qodef-ig-grid-type qodef-four-columns qodef-tiny-space  qodef-image-behavior-lightbox\">\n\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-inner qodef-outer-space\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g001.jpeg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-988]\" title=\"Figure 1 A schematic representation of the process of obtaining the two PRGF formulations: the PRGF clot and the PRGF supernatant.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g001-200x200.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g002.jpeg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-988]\" title=\"Figure 2 Isolation and characterisation of alveolar bone cells. (A) Bone cells were isolated by the explant method. (B) The alkaline phosphatase activity and the presence of (C) osteocalcin and (D) osteopontin osteoblast markers were used for cell characterisation.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g002-200x200.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g003.jpeg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-988]\" title=\"Figure 3 Cell proliferation assay. Osteoblast cells were treated with PRGF clot and PRGF supernatant formulations for 3, 7, and 10 days (n = 4). Results were expressed as fold increases with respect to the proliferation achieved in the control condition (osteoblasts cultured on bare plastic surface with ObM supplemented with 15% FBS (v\/v)). * Statistically significant differences with respect to control condition for the same study period (p \u2264 0.05). # Statistically significant differences with respect to PRGF clot for the same study period (p \u2264 0.05).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g003-200x200.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g004.jpeg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-988]\" title=\"Figure 4 Box plot for gene expression levels (log RGE) of Runx2, SP7, and ALPL in human osteoblasts in response to different culture conditions (n = 4). Statistical significance (p \u2264 0.05) is represented as relative to control (*) and between treatments (#).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g004-200x200.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g005.jpeg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-988]\" title=\"Figure 5 ALPL activity determination in the culture medium conditioned by bone cells. ALPL enzymatic activity in the extracellular milieu of bone cells treated with PRGF formulations (n = 4). Results expressed as fold increases with respect to the data obtained for the control condition (osteoblasts cultured on bare plastic surface with ObM supplemented with 15% FBS (v\/v)). * Statistically significant differences with respect to the PRGF clot (p \u2264 0.05). # Statistically significant differences with respect to the control condition for the same study period (p \u2264 0.05).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/dentistry-12-00122-g005-200x200.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>[vc_empty_space height=&#8221;50px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<a itemprop=\"url\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/dentistry-12-00122.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"  class=\"qodef-btn qodef-btn-medium qodef-btn-solid btnWebRosa2\"  >\n    <span class=\"qodef-btn-text\">Artikel herunterladen<\/span>\n    <\/a>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Dent J (Basel). 2024 Apr 24;12(5):122.<\/strong> The osteogenic differentiation process, by which bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteoprogenitors transform into osteoblasts, is regulated by several growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) is a blood-derived preparation consisting of a plethora of bioactive molecules, also susceptible to containing epigenetic factors such as ncRNAs and EVs, that stimulates tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the PRGF clot formulation on osteogenic differentiation. Firstly, osteoblast cells were isolated and characterised. The proliferation of bone cells cultured onto PRGF clots or treated with PRGF supernatant was determined.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2002,"featured_media":41024,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,156],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artikel","category-regenerative-medizin"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32445","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2002"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32445"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32445\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34953,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32445\/revisions\/34953"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41024"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32445"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}