
{"id":20584,"date":"2015-03-30T09:00:45","date_gmt":"2015-03-30T09:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev2.btitrainingcenter.com\/leukocyte-plasma-more-pro-inflammatory-environment\/"},"modified":"2025-04-09T12:22:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T11:22:18","slug":"leukocyte-plasma-more-pro-inflammatory-environment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/leukocyte-plasma-more-pro-inflammatory-environment\/","title":{"rendered":"Leukocyte inclusion within a platelet rich plasma-derived fibrin scaffold stimulates a more pro-inflammatory environment and alters fibrin properties"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row content_text_aligment=&#8221;left&#8221; row_background_lines=&#8221;no&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"title\">Abstract<\/h3>\n<div id=\"enc-abstract\" class=\"abstract-content selected\">\n<p>One of the main differences among platelet-rich plasma (PRP) products is the inclusion of leukocytes that may affect the biological efficacy of these autologous preparations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the addition of leukocytes modified the morphological, biomechanical and biological properties of PRP under normal and inflammatory conditions. The release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) and leukocyte-platelet rich plasma (L-PRP) scaffolds was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and was significantly increased under an inflammatory condition when leukocytes were included in the PRP. Fibroblasts and osteoblasts treated with L-PRP, under an inflammatory situation, underwent a greater activation of NF\u0138B pathway, proliferated significantly less and secreted a higher concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These cellular events were assessed through Western blot and fluorimetric and ELISA methods, respectively. Therefore, the inclusion of leukocytes induced significantly higher pro-inflammatory conditions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3>Figures<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row content_placement=&#8221;middle&#8221; content_text_aligment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"qodef-image-gallery qodef-grid-list qodef-disable-bottom-space  qodef-ig-grid-type qodef-four-columns qodef-tiny-space  qodef-image-behavior-lightbox\">\n\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-inner qodef-outer-space\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g001.jpg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-78]\" title=\"&lt;strong&gt;Figure 01:&lt;\/strong&gt; Illustrative representation of the cell treatment experimental procedure with PRGF and L-PRP releasates under inflammatory conditions.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g001-200x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g002.jpg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-78]\" title=\"&lt;strong&gt;Figure 02:&lt;\/strong&gt; Composition and structure of fibrin net from both PRP products. (A) Concentration of platelets in PRGF and L-PRP preparations. (B) Leukocyte content in PRGF and L-PRP preparations. (C) Macroscopic appearance and ultraestructural composition of PRGF and L-PRP scaffolds.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g002-200x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g003.jpg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-78]\" title=\"&lt;strong&gt;Figure 03:&lt;\/strong&gt; Characterization of the PRP scaffold releasates. Concentration of different cytokines, (A) IL1-beta, (B) TNF-alpha, (C) IL-6 and (D) IL-8 in the PRGF and L-PRP releasate under both normal and inflammatory conditions. *Statistically significant differences respect to the other treatments (p &lt; 0.05). $Statistically significant differences respect to the PRGF treatment under normal conditions (p &lt; 0.05).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g003-200x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g004.jpg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-78]\" title=\"&lt;strong&gt;Figure 04:&lt;\/strong&gt; Characterization of the PRP scaffold releasate. Determination of different proteins concentration. (A) Angiopoietin-1 (B) VEGF and (C) PDGF-AB in the PRGF and L-PRP releasate under both normal and inflammatory conditions. *Statistically significant differences respect to the other treatments (p &lt; 0.05).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g004-200x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g005.jpg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-78]\" title=\"&lt;strong&gt;Figure 05:&lt;\/strong&gt; Analysis of the integrity and the mechanical properties of PRP scaffolds. (A) Comparison of PRP scaffolds appearance after 72 hours incubations under normal and inflammatory conditions. In half of the L-PRP matrix a great degradation was observed. (B) MMP-1 activity in PRGF and L-PRP releasates was determined under both normal and inflammatory conditions. (One U = 100 pmol\/min at 37\u00b0C, 100 \u03bcM thiopeptolide). (C) Mechanical testing station where the maximum elongation at failure of the PRP scaffolds was determined. (D) Maximum elongation of PRP scaffolds. *Statistically significant differences between L-PRP and PRGF under normal conditions and between L-PRP and PRGF under inflammatory conditions (p &lt; 0.05).# Statistically significant differences respect to the PRGF treatment under normal conditions (p &lt; 0.05).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g005-200x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g006.jpg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-78]\" title=\"&lt;strong&gt;Figure 06:&lt;\/strong&gt; Analysis of the inflammatory mediators\u2019 expression by western blot. Cells were treated with PRGF+LPS and L-PRP+LPS releasates for 24 hours under inflammatory conditions and I\u0138B-\u03b1 and p-NF\u0138B\/NF\u0138B ratio were determined. (A) I\u0138B-\u03b1 expression in gingival fibroblasts. (B) I\u0138B-\u03b1 expression in alveolar osteoblasts. (C) p-NF\u0138B\/NF\u0138B determination in gingival fibroblasts. (D) p-NF\u0138B\/NF\u0138B determination in alveolar osteoblasts. *Statistically significant differences respect to the PRGF+LPS treatment (p &lt; 0.05).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g006-200x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g007.jpg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-78]\" title=\"&lt;strong&gt;Figure 07:&lt;\/strong&gt; Effect of the releasates of PRGF+LPS and L-PRP+LPS on the proliferation of fibroblasts and osteoblast cells. (A) Morphological alterations in cultures due to 72 hour treatment with PRP releasates under inflammatory conditions. Scale bar: 300 \u03bcm. (B) Gingival fibroblast proliferation after treatment. (C) DNA quantification of alveolar osteoblast proliferation after treatment. *Statistically significant differences respect to the L-PRP+LPS treatment (p &lt; 0.05).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g007-200x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image qodef-item-space\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-ig-image-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a itemprop=\"image\" class=\"qodef-ig-lightbox\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g008.jpg\" data-rel=\"prettyPhoto[image_gallery_pretty_photo-78]\" title=\"&lt;strong&gt;Figure 08:&lt;\/strong&gt; Pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis due to cell treatment with PRP releasates. Gingival and bone cells were incubated with PRGF+LPS and L-PRP+LPS releasates under inflammatory conditions for 24 and 72 hours. IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, IL-6 and IL-8 synthesis was determined by ELISA techniques. (A) Treatment of gingival fibroblast during 24 hours. (B) Gingival fibroblast response to 72 hour treatment. (C) Treatment of alveolar osteoblasts during 24 hours. (D) Bone cells response to 72 hour treatment. *Statistically significant differences respect to the PRGF+LPS treatment (p &lt; 0.05).\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.g008-200x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>[vc_empty_space height=&#8221;50px&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<a itemprop=\"url\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/pone.0121713.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"  class=\"qodef-btn qodef-btn-medium qodef-btn-solid btnWebRosa2\"  >\n    <span class=\"qodef-btn-text\">Artikel herunterladen<\/span>\n    <\/a>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong>PLoS One. 2015 Mar 30;10(3):e0121713.<\/strong> One of the main differences among platelet-rich plasma (PRP) products is the inclusion of leukocytes that may affect the biological efficacy of these autologous preparations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the addition of leukocytes modified the morphological, biomechanical and biological properties of PRP under normal and inflammatory conditions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15411,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[156],"tags":[647,410,411,655,412],"class_list":["post-20584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-regenerative-medizin","tag-endoret-en-de","tag-implantologia-de","tag-medicina-de","tag-prgf-en-de","tag-salud-de"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20584"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37530,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20584\/revisions\/37530"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15411"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.btitrainingcenter.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}